Ethics of Communicationuuid:09bdaee7-0a87-4134-922e-e9b0d5b21802;id=122017-07-20T16:11:41Z9215More or Less Equal: How Digital Platforms Can Help Advance Communication Rights2014-11-30T10:04:00-05:002014-11-30T10:04:00-05:00Philip Lee, Dafne Sabanes Plou <p><em>More or Less Equal: How Digital Platforms Can Help Advance Communication Rights</em> edited by Philip Lee and Dafne Sabanes Plou asks what challenges this development poses for societies worldwide. What ethical questions does it raise? The book explores these questions against a background of rapid technological change and with the aim of strengthening the communication rights of all people everywhere.</p>
<p>The book suggests that today's digital platforms offer the tantalizing possibility of learning and taking into account opinions from the margins that contradict the dominant voices in the public sphere. The concept of citizen journalism has radically altered traditional news and information flows, encouraging greater interaction and interdependence.</p>
<p>The book’s essays include such topics as ethical challenges and social media, communication networks in Latin America, women’s access to social media networks, media ethics and citizen journalism, and the gender dimensions of communication rights.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.globethics.net/web/ge/global-series">Globethics.net Global 9</a> (2014).</p>
<p> </p>9213The New Ethics of Journalism: Principles for the 21st Century2013-12-31T09:23:00-05:002013-12-31T09:23:00-05:00Kelly McBride, Tom Rosenstiel<p><em>The New Ethics of Journalism: Principles for the 21st Century</em> edited by Kelly McBride and Tom Rosenstiel features a new code of ethics for journalists and essays by 14 journalism thought leaders and practitioners, this authoritative, practical book examines the new pressures brought to bear on journalism by technology and changing audience habits. It offers a new framework for making critical moral choices, as well as case studies that reinforce the concepts and principles rising to prominence in 21st century communication.</p>
<p>The book addresses the unique problems facing journalism today, including how we arrive at truth in an era of abundant and unverified information; the evolution of new business models and partnerships; the presence of journalists on independent social media platforms; the role of diversity; the meaning of stories; the value of images; and the role of community in the production of journalism.</p>
<p><em>CQ Press</em> (SAGE Publications) (2013)</p>9191Media Literacy and Communication Rights2010-12-28T11:53:00-05:002010-12-28T11:53:00-05:00Brian O'Neill<p>The dominant discourse of media literacy policy espouses an ethical individualism within the digital media environment in which the source of moral values and principles, and the basis of ethical evaluation, is the individual. In this perspective, even vulnerable citizens such as children and young people, who tend to be in the vanguard of new media adoption, are required to negotiate the risks and opportunities of the online world with diminishing degrees of institutional support from trusted information sources. Noticeably absent from this discourse is any consideration of the notion of communication rights. Examining an alternative conceptualization of media literacy identifies it as a fundamental human right as important as other forms of literacy. Examining some of the ethical challenges that citizens now face in the digital world, the article argues that a rights-based framework is required to address the challenges posed for media literacy education.</p>
<p>In <em>The International Communication Gazette</em>, Vol 72, Nos 4 & 5, June/August 2010.</p>8614Illusions of perfect information and fantasies of control in the information society2008-05-01T05:41:00-04:002008-05-01T05:41:00-04:00Dwayne Winseck<p> This article introduces the idea of 'risk societies' to highlight how conventional views of the information economy are confounded by the productivity paradox, uncertain demand for new information and communication technologies (ICTs), and the heterogenous qualities of information. Confronting these realities, the communication industries are using monopolization strategies, surveillance, and technological design in their, often elusive, attempts to manage risk and turn the scarce resources of the media economy – time, money and attention – into economic value. These strategies erode the 'soft factors' of trust, confidence, social networks and privacy that are vital to people's willingness to embrace new ICTs and the legitimacy of the information society. Although these trends have created space for new privacy enhancing technologies and trust-brokers, the translation of socio-cultural norms into technology and market-based solutions renders communicative spaces more opaque than ever.</p>
<p><abbr title="New Media & Society"><em>New Media & Society,</em></abbr><span> February 2002 </span><span></span><span>vol. 4 </span><span>no. 1 </span><span>93-122</span><br />
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</p>8615The Ethics of Cyberspace2008-05-01T02:41:00-04:002008-05-01T02:41:00-04:00Cees J. Hamelink<p> In this book, Cees J Hamelink proposes an answer to - how should democratic societies organize cyberspace? - that puts human-rights, rather than profit, at the top of the agenda. He argues that conventional ethical approaches are all seriously flawed. There is a growing volume of moral rules, netiquettes and codes of conduct, but they are of little help in solving the moral dilemmas raised by the new technologies. In this book the author analyzes the inadequacies of current global governance policies and structures that underpin them, and argues for standards which put justice, human security and freedom first. SAGE Publications (2001).</p>8610Critical cyberpolicy: network technologies, massless citizens, virtual rights2008-05-01T02:41:00-04:002008-05-01T02:41:00-04:00Tony Fitzpatrick<p> This article suggests that those interested in both welfare theory and welfare policy cannot afford to overlook the emerging interactions between online and offline environments. It explores the main parameters of the debate relating to cyberspace, in particular, and Information and Communication Technologies more generally. It argues that the pervasiveness of free market capitalism means that the negative consequences of the Internet for society and social welfare reform are those most likely to prevail at present. The task of the social policy community, then, is to contribute to a 'cybercriticalism'. The article outlines a concept of 'virtual rights', the purpose of which is to reinvigorate the traditional categories of rights in an information society to which they often appear unsuited.</p>
<p><span><em>Critical Social Policy</em>, </span><span>August 2000 </span><span>20: </span><span>375-407</span><br />
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</p>8611Peace Journalism: Negotiating Global Media Ethics2008-04-30T23:41:00-04:002008-04-30T23:41:00-04:00Majid Tehranian<p> The terrorist attack on the United States on September 11, 2001 demonstrated that we live in an interdependent, vulnerable, and fragile global village. This village, however, does not enjoy the intimacy of face-to-face communication among the villagers. We live in a largely mediated world ruled by government media monopolies or commercial media oligopolies that construct images of "the other." Promotion of particular commodities and identities are the main preoccupations of the two commercial and government systems. The two systems thus tend to exacerbate international tensions by dichotomizing, dramatizing, and demonizing "them" against "us." Is there an alternative media system to promote peace journalism for international and intercultural understanding?</p>
<p>This article argues that ethically responsible journalism is a sine qua non of peace journalism. The locus of most media ethics has hitherto been the individual journalist. But the individual journalist operates in the context of institutional, national, and international regimes. In a globalized world, media ethics must be negotiated not only professionally but also institutionally, nationally, and internationally. Such ethics must be based on international agreements that have already established the right to communicate as a human right. However, ethics without commensurate institutional frameworks and sanctions often translate into pious wishes. To obtain a pluralism of content to reflect the diversity and complexity of the world, this article calls for a pluralism of media structures at the local, national, and global levels. The article concludes with proposals to promote peace journalism through greater freedom, balance, and diversity in media representations.</p>
<p><abbr title="The International Journal of Press/Politics"><em>The International Journal of Press/Politics</em>,</abbr><span itemprop="datePublished"> Spring 2002 </span><span></span><span>vol. 7 </span><span>no. 2</span><span>58-83</span><br />
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</p>8616Social, Ethical and Policy Implications of Information Technology2004-05-01T11:41:00-04:002004-05-01T11:41:00-04:00Linda L. Brennan, Victoria Johnson<p><span>Legal and ethical issues have become a standard part of engineering and business schools' curricula. This has not been the case for computer science or management information systems programs, although there has been increasing emphasis on the social skills of these students. This leaves a frightening void in their professional development. Information systems pose unique social challenges, especially for technical professionals who have been taught to think in terms of logic, structures and flows. In </span><span><em>Social, Ethical and Policy Implications of Information Technology, </em>edited by Linda L. Brennan and Victoria Johnson, sixteen contributors </span><span>focus on the human impact of information systems, including ethical challenges, social implications, legal issues, and unintended costs and consequences.</span><br />
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</p>8612The principle of publicity, public use of reason and social control2002-05-01T11:41:00-04:002002-05-01T11:41:00-04:00Slavko Splichal<p> This article examines the intellectual history of the concept of 'publicity', originally defined by Immanuel Kant as the transcendental formula of public justice and the principle of the public use of reason, but later largely subsumed under the concept of 'freedom of the press'. The notion of the press as the Fourth Estate/Power was a valid concept and legitimate form of the institutionalization of the principle of publicity in the period when newspapers emanated from a new (bourgeois) estate or class: they had a different source of legitimacy than the three classic powers, and developed as a critical impulse against the old ruling estates. Yet the discrimination in favor of the power/control function of the press, which relates to the need of 'distrustful surveillance' defended by Bentham, clearly abstracted freedom of the press from the Kantian quest for the public use of reason. In democratic societies where the people rather than different estates legitimize all the powers, the control dimension of publicity embodied in the corporate freedom of the press should be effectively supplemented by actions toward equalizing private citizens in the public use of reason.</p>
<p><abbr title="Media, Culture & Society"><em>Media Culture Society</em>,</abbr><span itemprop="datePublished"> January 2002, V</span><span>ol. 24 </span><span>no. 1 </span><span>5-26</span><br />
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</p>8608The GII: moving towards implementation1995-05-01T13:41:00-04:001995-05-01T13:41:00-04:00Pekka Tarjanne<p> A Global Information Infrastructure (GII) is inevitable going to evolve from existing technologies. The networks encompassed by the GII will be diverse, innovative and creative, in contrast to the seeming trend toward dominance by a few companies. Concentration of power should be avoided, and communications and information technology used to promote values conducive to democratic society. The interactive possibilities of networks could have a profound impact on political choices, in that communication networks encourage an active informed approach and connect the private and public realms via information and exchange. Developing the GII is a complicated undertaking involving global social, cultural, economic and political structures as well as technical challenges. Universal access, diversity of expression and the right to communicate must be established before a truly global network can be implemented.</p>
<p><em>Telecommunications</em> 29 (1995). </p>8609The Ethics of Political Communication1995-05-01T09:41:00-04:001995-05-01T09:41:00-04:00Manuel Parés i Maicas<p> Ethics of journalism (communication) has become an important issue because of the paramount role of the mass media in social life and their frequent bias. A vital aspect in this field is the ethics of political communication. This article analyses from an ethical perspective the main elements of the political communication process, e.g. the communicators, the receivers, the function of the mass media, the purpose and the content of political language. Any ethical analysis must take into account the law of communication and the fact that communication is a fundamental human right. The article concludes that it is difficult to set up a positive link between politics and ethics, nor, by the same token, is it feasible to conceive of political communication as being presided over by ethics.</p>
<p><abbr title="European Journal of Communication"><em>European Journal of Communication,</em> </abbr><span itemprop="datePublished">December 1995 </span><span></span><span>vol. 10 </span><span>no. 4 </span><span>475-495</span><br />
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